In 2015 alone, it was estimated that over 11 million individuals between the ages of 15 and 25 used cannabis. With the increase of legalization of recreational cannabis use, the less the negative associated consequences of cannabis use are being talked about, especially among the young adult population. This study examines various interventions designed to address harmful cannabis use among U.S. college students. The review systematically analyzed literature published from January 2000 to March 2024, focusing on interventions targeting cannabis misuse among college students.
The review assessed intervention types, methodologies, and their effectiveness in reducing harmful cannabis use. Initiatives that provided information on the risks associated with cannabis use, including its impact on academic performance and health, showed mixed results in terms of effectiveness. Programs that included interactive components and peer involvement tended to be more successful. Techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing were effective in modifying cannabis use behaviors and improving self-control. These approaches often included personalized feedback and goal-setting. Changes to campus policies, such as increased restrictions on cannabis use and enhanced support services, were found to contribute to reductions in harmful use.
The results of this study showed that campaigns aimed at changing social norms and perceptions around cannabis use demonstrated some success in reducing consumption and related harms. The review underscores the need for a comprehensive and structured framework, such as the proposed College Cannabis Intervention Matrix, to guide the development and implementation of effective cannabis use interventions. Integrating educational, behavioral, policy-based, and social norm strategies is essential for addressing harmful cannabis use among college students and improving overall campus health.
Takeaway: Combining various intervention strategies and a structured matrix is crucial for fostering healthier student behaviors and enhancing well-being on college campuses.