Alcohol-induced blackouts (AIBs) occur when individuals consume too much alcohol and are unable to create new memories. AIBs can be a risk factor for experiencing other negative consequences such as sexual victimization, missing class or work, and alcohol dependency. Protective behavioral strategies, behaviors engaged in while drinking to limit toxicity or consequences, may be correlated with decreases in AIBs. On the other hand, use of other substances while consuming alcohol may be associated with an increased risk of AIBs. This study examines the impact of manner of drinking, combined alcohol and other substance use, and physiology on AIBs among college students.
The study’s sample consisted of 462 college students from a northeastern public university who participated in a longitudinal study focused on alcohol use and related consequences. Students were asked to complete six surveys about their substance use and associated consequences over six weekends determined to be high-risk drinking weekends (home football games, holidays, etc.). During each survey participants were asked to report number of standard drinks they consumed and over how many hours they were drinking. Use of other substances such as stimulants and cannabis and perceived tolerance to alcohol was also assessed. Lastly, participants were asked to report drinking behaviors like protective behavioral strategies, pregaming, and playing drinking games. Data was analyzed using logistic multilevel models.
Results of the data analysis showed that each 0.01% increase in estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) was significantly correlated with 23% greater likelihood of experiencing AIBs on the daily level. On the other hand, protective behavioral strategies were associated with lower odds of AIBs on the daily, weekly, and person-levels. Playing drinking games and pregaming was associated with increased odds of AIBs. Additionally, combining cannabis use with alcohol and high frequencies of tolerance were correlated with greater likelihood of experiencing AIBs. Stimulant use with alcohol was not associated with AIBs.
Takeaway: Protective behavioral strategies, combined alcohol and cannabis use, and drinking behaviors may impact the risk of alcohol induced blackouts among college students.