The loss of a loved one can be a distressing event for college students and may affect academic performance and increase their risk of developing mental health problems. In addition, some studies have found the death of a loved one may be an important predictor of alcohol abuse and use of illegal drugs. Substance use is often a coping mechanism for bereaved college students but can also further increase one’s risk of academic, physical, and mental health problems. Social support is pertinent for bereaved college students as it can help them find more adaptive coping mechanisms. This study examines the impact of the death of a loved one on substance use among college students.
The study’s sample consisted of 666 Belgian college students who had experienced the death of a loved one after their 12th birthday and at least 6 months prior to participating in the study. Participants completed an online survey that assessed use of alcohol, use of prescription or over-the-counter drugs that exceed the prescribed/recommended dose, and use of illicit substances. Students were also asked about their drug use in regard to their bereavement experience. Scales were used to assess depression, anxiety, stress, grief, perceived social support, and personal growth. Data was analyzed using Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient and ordinal regressions to investigate for associations between variables.
Results of the data analysis showed that 24% of participants who had consumed alcohol and 21% of participants who reported drug use indicated that this helped them cope with difficult moments. The ordinal regression analysis indicated that that bereaved college students consumed more alcohol when they experienced strong grief-related feelings and high levels of mental health distress. Higher levels of mental health distress were also associated with using drugs to help cope with difficult moments. There was no significant relationship identified between social support and personal growth and substance use.
Takeaway: Feelings of grief and mental health distress may impact substance use among bereaved college students.