Prescription stimulant misuse and diversion are notable problems on college campuses. Misuse of these substances can lead to a variety of adverse effects including irregular heartbeat, seizures, dependence, and overdose. Many states have implemented policies to reduce misuse and diversion to prevent these adverse effects. In addition, some colleges have started to implement polices to discourage “unauthorized use” of prescription medications. This study examines potential upstream approaches to addressing prescription stimulant misuse and diversion in college students.
The study’s sample consisted of 20 college students who had a history of prescription stimulant misuse, diversion, or both. Participants that reported both misuse and diversion completed two separate interviews. Students participated in a 45-120 minute interview that addressed contexts in which misuse and diversion occur, deterrents to misuse and/or diversion, and perspectives on upstream approaches. Data was analyzed using coding to identify emerging concepts and patterns in prescription stimulant misuse and diversion.
Results of the data analysis showed that participants lacked knowledge about prescription stimulants, related state polices, and campus policies and services. Many participants felt as though school officials would not find out if they engaged in misuse and diversion behaviors. On the other hand, some stated that monitoring employed by policies would lead them to develop a fear of getting caught. None of students communicated that existing policies discouraged them from participating in misuse and diversion. Researchers noted that this may have been due to lack of knowledge of these policies. Students recommended harm reduction and treatment-based approaches to address prescription stimulant misuse and diversion.
Takeaway: Education regarding prescription stimulants, state policies, and campus policies and services may help to prevent misuse and diversion of prescription stimulants among college students.